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The adverse life conditions of single mothers in the Czech Republic and their possible solutions from the perspective of social work
PLASSOVÁ, Monika
This assessment deals with very discussed topic in the field of social work, women, who raise their children themselves. The term single parent is explained in the introduction part of the assessment followed by terms family functions, incomplete families and their breakdown. This is followed by intorudction of economic impacts, poverty feminisation and women rights. Then the assessment addresses the support of women. The goal of this assessment was to introduce life of single mothers and to find out which economic aspects have an impact on their life standards based on expert resources, literature and conducted survey. To complete the goal, a qualitative survey was used based on half-structured interviews. The results of the survey are examined in the following discusion, then repeated in general at the final stage of the assessment which is supposed show the importance of single parenting in our society and the difficulties single mothers have to face. These difficulties are the hardship of finding an employment, a life balance between work and parenting and caring for children, shortage of pre-school and childcare services, and stigmatisation in the society. This assessment is also dedicated to everyone, who wants to gain a deeper insight in to the single parenting topic and how single mothers live and cope.
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Adjustment of child circumstances after the divorce
Prostředníková, Anna ; Hendrychová, Michaela (advisor) ; Šustek, Petr (referee)
Adjustment of child circumstances after the divorce Abstract This diploma thesis focuses on the adjustment of circumstances of children of divorced parents. Structurally, the thesis is segmented into an introduction, 6 chapters and conclusion. In case of content the thesis can be divided into four pivotal categories. The first part provides a general view into the elemental problems of parental liability. The second part focuses on the problem of the adjustment of circumstances of children after the divorce of their parents as such and examines all attributes in detail that the adjustment approaches. Great attention is given to the types of childcare, child-support and the contact of the non-resident parent with the child. The topic of the third part is the analysis of reasons that can be the cause of change of the present conditions. Finally, the fourth section provides a comparison of the current Czech legislation with the one of the Netherlands. Key worlds Parental responsibility, divorce, child, childcare, maintenance obligation, alimony, contact,
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The Table for Determination of Alimony - the Role and Efficiency in Judicial Practice
Dvořáková, Jitka ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Čermáková, Marie (referee)
Three years ago, the Ministry of Justice in the Czech Republic stated in judicial practice a recommending table whose intention was to unify the decision-making practice of courts in determining of alimony. The table should rectify a vague treatment of the maintenance obligations, guarantee a legal certainty for all participants and predictability of decisions. The alimony often covers only a part of all costs for a child under conditions that it is paid. The situation is even more problematic because the single-parent families with minors usually belong to the households which are mostly threatened by poverty. These families are most often headed by woman, who bears the brunt of caretaker and breadwinner roles. Their role is also influenced by the disadvantageous position at a labour market. The result of all these factors is usually a feminization of poverty and transmission of the standard of living from a mother to a child. My research interviews were focused on the fact if the table is used in practice. I evaluate its efficiency and represent modifications suggested by the courts. The analysis showed that not all courts use the table or use it at different levels. It is a consequence of reading of the word "recommending". This fact indicates a neglect of any need to use and a broader context...
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Marriage
Daňková, Jana ; Salač, Josef (advisor) ; Švestka, Jiří (referee)
70 ABSTRACT The topic of my Master's degree thesis is institution of "Marriage". I chose this topic because I am interested in family law and I would like to be an attorney focusing on this area of law in future. I also think that marriage is an important legal and social institute, which proves its long-standing history. This thesis reflects the historical development of the law but it mainly deals with legislation in force. Specifically it deals with the origin of marriage, dissolution of marriage and the legal consequences that legal negotiation brings. I also pay attention to the legal regulation of rights and responsibilities of spouses. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is dedicated to an introduction. The next three chapters deal with the actual institution of marriage and its aspects. The fifth and last chapter is the conclusion. In addition to these chapters thesis contains the Content, the Bibliography and the Annexes. The second chapter describes the historical development of legal regulation of marriage. This chapter is divided into two subchapters, the first of which is devoted to marriage in Roman law and the other depicts the development of legislation marriage on Czech territory. Chapter Three discusses legislation in force of marriage in the Czech Republic and...
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Lone-parent families as a public policy problem: stakeholders' frame reflection and reframing
Hejzlarová, Eva ; Veselý, Arnošt (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee) ; Matoušek, Oldřich (referee) ; Žižková, Jana (referee)
The main theme of the work is finding an answer to the question why in the past years Czech Parliament has failed to enforce measures improving the quality of life of lone-parent families, and what could be done for these measures to be adopted. Theoretical support for answering both questions is provided by a) frame analysis (Schőn and Rein), which works with the idea of conflicting frames and bridging conflicts through reframing, and b) the theory of social construction of target groups (Schneider and Ingram). Based on an analysis of stenographic minutes from proceedings dealing with the issue of non-payment of child support (in particular with proposals for the state to pay child support first and then to receive it from the obligor) and the arrangements connected to child custody (in particular the proposal to strengthen alternating custody), conflicting frames are reconstructed (in the case of non-payment, there are three conflicting frames, in the case of child custody two). These conflicting frames, or rather the fact that they are insufficiently addressed, may be the cause of the incapacity of Czech political representation to address the above agenda. An "efficient penalizing of the debtor" is described as a possible reframing of the problem in the field of non-payment of child support....
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Property impact related to divorce
Paseková, Martina ; Hendrychová, Michaela (advisor) ; Radvanová, Senta (referee)
Divorce is a legal act of marriage termination. It is a moral and legal problem effecting all the spheres of social and family lives of the parties, intervening mainly the property sphere of social lives of a couple, concretely the common property of a married couple, living of a married couple and upbringing and maintenance of their under age children. Within my thesis named "Property impact related to divorce" I will pursue these three property spheres affected by divorce. The aim of my thesis is to find the best way how to proceed in cases the marriage is deeply and constantly ruptured and the only solution to discontinue the mutual disputes is to divorce. In such cases the married couple appears in a new and for them unknown situation in which they will have to solve the issue of future upbringing, maintenance of their children, division of the common property and the question of living. If the partners are not able to communicate with each other and try to solve the whole situation, then the divorce can set off lengthy, financially demanding and mutually devastating conflicts, which can influence their further life and primarily lives of their children who suffer from divorce the most since they lose their life certainty which are both parents and common family environment and appear, not at...
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Relevant aspects for determining the amout of maintenance obligations of parents to children"
Žižka, Petr ; Radvanová, Senta (advisor) ; Frinta, Ondřej (referee)
Relevant aspects for determining the amout of maintenance obligations of parents to children Abstract In my paper I engaged myself with a topic of maitenance towards to adolescent children, in the meaning of how these payments are set and what is needed to be considered by during the process of admiting the maitenance. Paper itself is extended by expert publications, texts and opinions of profesional, taken during their long practises in jurisdiction. First chapters of my paper are concieved as therotecial introductions to the issue. In introduction you can find brief informations about the headwords wiedly used in the matter of maitenance and explaining the basics, like how and when the maitenance is admited. Next part of the introduction is basic informations about different types of maitenance and comparing their similarities and differences. This part of paper provides a complex look on the whole issue of legal regulations of maitenance in the Czech Republic, and also provides to reader a possibilty to debate how to pass through the imperfections, with the consideration of the legal regulations in other countries, already done attempts to overcome the imperfections and expert opinions from the jurisdiction experiences. The main accent of the paper is focuesed on the part talking about the classification...
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Family policy in relation to families after divorce
Krejčíková, Tereza ; Dobiášová, Karolína (advisor) ; Kotrusová, Miriam (referee)
In my thesis I am concentrating on family policy in relation to families after divorce or separation. I am focusing on problems which single-parent families have to deal with. Specifically, I am analysing current forms of child custody of under-aged children after the divorce. I have examined circumstances which lead to award the custody of the child and risks of these arrangements. Every single form of child custody is enriched by a case study. In connection with maintenance obligation I have investigated latest political instruments which are used for maintenance order. Furthermore I have looked into newly emerging policy of the maintenance backup plan. The aim of the thesis was accomplished by desk research and primarily evaluation of data which I collected by qualitative research interview, concretely semi-structured interviews with experts in this field. Based on main theoretical ground my research I concluded that single-parent families are considered as group of "dependents". Another theory I have worked with in my thesis is the theory of material and psychological deprivation. Material deprivation is related to not paying maintenance by a parent. This is causing that single-parent families, typically single mothers, find themselves in suffer hardship which can endanger the life and...
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Crime of Evasion Alimony Payments under s. 196 of the Criminal Code
Hamrová, Veronika ; Jelínek, Jiří (advisor) ; Heranová, Simona (referee)
1 Název práce v anglickém jazyce Crime of Evasion Alimony Payments under s. 196 of the Criminal Code Abstract The diploma thesis is about the crime of evasion alimony payments according to § 196 of the Criminal Code and other questions related to this issue. The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive explanation of the crime of evasion alimony payments. The work is primary about on the individual signs of this crime, its connection with civil law, where the rights are enshrined and the issues of alternative alimony payments and possible decriminalization of the crime of evasion alimony payments according. The crime of evasion alimony payments is one of the most frequently committed crime in the Czech Republic. The purpose of this legal regulation is the interest in the proper fulfillment of the alimony payments, especially in the fulfillment of the alimony payments towards dependent children. The work is divided into eight chapters. The first chapter deals with the historical development of the crime of evasion alimony payments from the period of 19th century until now. The second chapter presents the legal definition of the crime of neglect of evasion alimony payments and categorizes this crime according to various aspects. It also provides an overview of regulations related to it, with emphasis on...
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Policy design of alimony from the perspective of students from single parent families
Mixová, Alžběta ; Hejzlarová, Eva (advisor) ; Vlčková, Kamila (referee)
This thesis focuses on the description of the child maintenance policy design in regard to adult students from single-parent families. The thesis sets a goal of describing various approaches to policy design, defining the policy design used in the Czech Republic and identifying the difficulties in policy design for young adults. The issue is viewed through the lens of public policy theory of policy design and also through the perspective of life cycle and emerging adulthood. To fulfill the research goals, I used a combination of desk research and qualitative data gathering from semistructured interviews with young adult students from single-parent families, who had the experience of not receiving child maintenance. The thesis presents several problems, which young adult students face and points out the shortcomings of the current policy design with regards to their target group. The thesis focuses on the effects of child maintenance non-payment, which affects both the financial position and the relationships of a family. In addition to that it describes the strategies affected young adults use to cope with the child maintenance non-payment.
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